US industrial reshoring and critical-mineral independence

Conviction: 72% · Horizon: 10Y · 2026-07-03
China is becoming oil-optional while remaining coal- and minerals-dependent

EV adoption is decoupling Chinese GDP growth from gasoline and diesel demand even as the country burns roughly 4.8 billion tonnes of coal annually and approves massive new coal capacity. Electrification still runs through coal-heavy grids and through rare-earth supply chains China dominates.

US must rebuild domestic mining and permitting after decades of offshoring

Policy is shifting toward direct investment, faster permitting, and mineral independence for defense and energy supply chains—a five-to-ten-year rebuild that started in 2026. Legal and environmental challenges will slow individual projects even as the strategic direction hardens.

Instrument Side Target Reason
MP Long Western electrification and defense hardware depend on rare earth processing largely concentrated in China; a multi-year US push for mineral independence should favor domestic producers that can expand mining and downstream capacity despite permitting friction.
Rare-earth and mineral bottlenecks cap how fast rivals can electrify

China controls roughly 70% of global rare-earth mining and about 90% of processing; each EV needs far more mineral input than a conventional car, and extraction itself consumes large amounts of diesel. Economies without secure access to those inputs cannot fully own an electrification stack.

Themes

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